ABSTRACT
Hepatitis E virus is recently recognised as an important cause of non-A, non-B hepatitis. A total of 569 serum samples were screened for HEV between April 1997 and March 2000, by a commercially available HEV IgM capture ELISA. The diagnosis was invariably acute viral hepatitis for differential diagnosis of jaundice. The percentage of seropositivity was found to be 18.8% in confirmed Hepatitis E cases.
ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To study the occurrence of Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) in cases with urinary tract infections. METHODS: A total of 220 cases from urinary tract infections and 50 stool samples from apparently healthy individuals were included. The colonies identified as Escherichia coli were screened for virulence factors namely haemolysin, Mannose Resistant and Mannose Sensitive Haemagglutination (MRHA, MSHA), Cell surface hydrophobicity and Serum resistance by recommended methods. RESULTS: Among 220 cases 91(41.36%) were haemolytic, 68(30.9%) showed MRHA, 58(26.36%) were cell surface hydrophobicity positive and 72(32.72%) were serum resistant. In 50 controls 3(6%) were haemolytic, 6(12%) showed MRHA, 9(18%) showed cell surface hydrophobicity and 12(24%) were serum resistant. The difference between cases and controls for haemolysis and MRHA were significant (p< 0.001 and p< 0.01 respectively). A total of 14 atypical Escherichia coli were isolated from urine and all showed the presence of one or the other virulence markers.Out of 18 mucoid Escherichia coli isolated 10 were serum resistant. Interestingly among the 15 Escherichia coli isolated from patients with pyelonephritis 8 were UPEC. CONCLUSIONS: Out of 220 urinary isolates, 151 could be labelled as UPEC.
ABSTRACT
A twenty-six year old female presented to the Ophthalmology OPD with swelling of the upper eyelid. On excision, two long, thin, dead worms were removed. Microscopic and HPE showed the worms to belong to the Dirofilaria species.